See flesz on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fr:flèche<id:arrow>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *plew-\nProto-Indo-European *plewk-der.\nFrankish *fliukkijābor.\nVulgar Latin *fleccia\nOld French fleche\nMiddle French fleche\nFrench flèchebor.\nPolish flesz\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"arrow\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"arrow\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"arrow\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"arrow\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"feather\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"fly\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"fly\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*plew-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*plewk-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Frankish\", \"term\" : \"*fliukkijā\", \"lang\" : \"frk\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Vulgar Latin\", \"term\" : \"*fleccia\", \"lang\" : \"la-vul\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"fleche\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"fleche\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"flèche\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"flesz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"flesz\">\nBorrowed from French flèche.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *plew-\nProto-Indo-European *plewk-der.\nFrankish *fliukkijābor.\nVulgar Latin *fleccia\nOld French fleche\nMiddle French fleche\nFrench flèchebor.\nPolish flesz\nBorrowed from French flèche.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "flesz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flesze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flesza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flesz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flesze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "flesze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "flesz m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"flesz"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"flesz"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"genp": "fleszów/fleszy",
"gens": "flesza/fleszu"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Fencing",
"orig": "pl:Fencing",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"flèche (method of attack with a sword (foil or épée) in which the attacker's back leg crosses in front of the front leg in the offensive move)"
],
"id": "en-flesz-pl-noun-vpx9kYQK",
"links": [
[
"fencing",
"fencing#Noun"
],
[
"flèche",
"flèche"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(fencing) flèche (method of attack with a sword (foil or épée) in which the attacker's back leg crosses in front of the front leg in the offensive move)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"fencing",
"government",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"martial-arts",
"military",
"politics",
"sports",
"war"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈflɛʂ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛʂ"
}
],
"word": "flesz"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "en",
"3": "flash<id:intermittently flash>"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English flash",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "enm",
"3": "flasshen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English flasshen",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English flash, from Middle English flasshen, a variant of flasken, flaskien.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "flesz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flesze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flesza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flesz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flesze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "flesze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "flesz m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"flesz"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"flesz"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"genp": "fleszów/fleszy",
"gens": "flesza/fleszu"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Photography",
"orig": "pl:Photography",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 82",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 91",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Light sources",
"orig": "pl:Light sources",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "fleszowy"
},
{
"tags": [
"verb"
],
"word": "fleszować"
}
],
"glosses": [
"camera flash"
],
"id": "en-flesz-pl-noun-XboZfr6t",
"links": [
[
"photography",
"photography"
],
[
"camera flash",
"camera flash"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(photography) camera flash"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"arts",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"photography"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈflɛʂ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛʂ"
}
],
"word": "flesz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from English",
"Polish terms borrowed from French",
"Polish terms derived from English",
"Polish terms derived from Frankish",
"Polish terms derived from French",
"Polish terms derived from Middle English",
"Polish terms derived from Middle French",
"Polish terms derived from Old French",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *plew-",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *plewk-",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛʂ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛʂ/1 syllable",
"pl:Light sources"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fr:flèche<id:arrow>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *plew-\nProto-Indo-European *plewk-der.\nFrankish *fliukkijābor.\nVulgar Latin *fleccia\nOld French fleche\nMiddle French fleche\nFrench flèchebor.\nPolish flesz\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"arrow\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"arrow\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"arrow\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"arrow\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"feather\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"fly\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"fly\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*plew-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*plewk-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Frankish\", \"term\" : \"*fliukkijā\", \"lang\" : \"frk\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Vulgar Latin\", \"term\" : \"*fleccia\", \"lang\" : \"la-vul\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"fleche\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"fleche\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"flèche\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"flesz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"flesz\">\nBorrowed from French flèche.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *plew-\nProto-Indo-European *plewk-der.\nFrankish *fliukkijābor.\nVulgar Latin *fleccia\nOld French fleche\nMiddle French fleche\nFrench flèchebor.\nPolish flesz\nBorrowed from French flèche.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "flesz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flesze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flesza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flesz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flesze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "flesze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "flesz m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"flesz"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"flesz"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"genp": "fleszów/fleszy",
"gens": "flesza/fleszu"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"pl:Fencing"
],
"glosses": [
"flèche (method of attack with a sword (foil or épée) in which the attacker's back leg crosses in front of the front leg in the offensive move)"
],
"links": [
[
"fencing",
"fencing#Noun"
],
[
"flèche",
"flèche"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(fencing) flèche (method of attack with a sword (foil or épée) in which the attacker's back leg crosses in front of the front leg in the offensive move)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"fencing",
"government",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"martial-arts",
"military",
"politics",
"sports",
"war"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈflɛʂ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛʂ"
}
],
"word": "flesz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from English",
"Polish terms derived from English",
"Polish terms derived from Middle English",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛʂ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛʂ/1 syllable",
"pl:Light sources"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "fleszowy"
},
{
"tags": [
"verb"
],
"word": "fleszować"
}
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "en",
"3": "flash<id:intermittently flash>"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English flash",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "enm",
"3": "flasshen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English flasshen",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English flash, from Middle English flasshen, a variant of flasken, flaskien.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "flesz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flesze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flesza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flesz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flesze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fleszu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "flesze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "flesz m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"flesz"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"flesz"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"genp": "fleszów/fleszy",
"gens": "flesza/fleszu"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"pl:Photography"
],
"glosses": [
"camera flash"
],
"links": [
[
"photography",
"photography"
],
[
"camera flash",
"camera flash"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(photography) camera flash"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"arts",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"photography"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈflɛʂ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛʂ"
}
],
"word": "flesz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for flesz meaning in All languages combined (9.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.